护理英语：外科奥义前、奥义中与奥义后恢复对话

一、术之前正要

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

好好动手术之之前为了适当病因童份的安全有许多文书工作要好好。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要验证并记录生命体征。将任何异常上述情况得悉心理医生。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有适配，例如、随心所欲以及铁皮都不应戴着。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.副师长可能才会希望让高血压戴着铁皮，所以护士不必咨询副师长的决定。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，高血压不必施用指甲油并卸妆。这样才会让心理医生容易辨认病因童有否患有苍白病因。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination苍白病因举例来说表明高血压只能抽氧。还应当戴着发夹等衣著，以免致使病因毒。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过咳嗽或者导尿移除抽尿管。抽尿管内极富尿可能才会在动外科手术之前受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术之前高血压只需使用药膏剂移除肠胃，小动手术除外。这才会可能会很多术后晕眩征状。还可以可能会病因毒。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静举例来说在高血压进到入动手术四楼之前30分钟到一小时内注射。这可以让过程进到行地容易一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后不应轻声安慰高血压进到入休眠状态。动手术四楼内有时可以允许高血压的一位亲人陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，高血压的病因历表不应带入动手术四楼，并且括号只能清晰。上面不必包括所有的化验和X光检查报告以及一份亲笔签名的动手术专利权等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.皮肤病因原和所只需药物，如本品，也应在括号之前注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，王护士。我就让去厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你没法去厕所。问你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在睡觉时大便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.动手术在此之后几天你是不允许下床的。所以你不必史家使用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进到动手术四楼？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.大概5集。我才会在七点叫醒你然后从你的鼻孔之前绑入一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能告诉我为什么要绑胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.动手术后第二、三天我们只能通过胃管给你饲养。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.大概中午即刻。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样洞察我动手术的进到展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她才会在等候四楼。动手术一结束我们才会马上通知她。He you signed the consent?你在提议书上签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。动手术之前我不应好好什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们才会给你剃须好好清洁。然后你要洗个澡。招呼你要吃饭一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我知道了。动手术才会很嫌弃吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，动外科手术之前你不才会感受到任何嫌弃痛。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.动手术后你醒来的时候就并未在病因房了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你可能才会感到有点嫌弃并昏昏沉沉。如果嫌弃痛难忍的话我们才会给你注射一些加剧嫌弃痛的药物。Thank you.总有一天你 二、动手术之前

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，问找来我接动手术四楼。Just a minute. The line is engaged.再加等。以外占总线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.动手术四楼May I speak to the head nurse?能问主治医师接电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

你好，我是主治医师。有什么可以找来您？What's going on in the operation room right now?动手术四楼之前以外是什么上述情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我马上有一个即刻患者。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天中午王心理医生的急性感冒动手术好好必需正要。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时之前送达了一个相当严重肋骨骨折的病因童。他只能当即接纳胸腔动手术。你们找来我事前即刻动手术吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我马上好好必需正要。一切正要先行在此之后我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。问告诉护士血库才会给我们3或4其单位的B型血供动手术使用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我只能好好手脚，只能一位助手。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我马上通知王心理医生。Thank you.总有一天你。You're welcome.不客气。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.高血压还在体力不支状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他接纳了什么动手术？A chest operation.胸腔动手术。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么药物皮肤病因吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶皮肤病因。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?动手术之前他坏死很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他坏死400ml。我们给他抽了2其单位的增生。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他抽其他黏稠了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、动手术后康复与看护

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

动手术在此之后，外科病因童举例来说只能进到一步提高看护。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其之前有一些原因。当然，也才会有一些技术细节显现出来。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些问题是可以无论如何的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.动手术在此之后只能对病因童进到行心脏动力学照护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.病因童的很多征状与大体上的药理学问题相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些病因童才会显现出来术之前病变或术后病因毒。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这才会致使动手术后病因情恶化维持不不稳定的。因此病因童只能特别看管。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种上述情况在救治动手术病因童身上更为类似。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果病因童突然代谢生理反应，只能将其送往重症进到一步提高看护病因房。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透力伤疤高血压还才会显现出来心脏动力学不不稳定的。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很可能才会显现出来急性发炎反应会，这是由相当严重骨或者骨骼伤及诱发。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果显现出来低血容量性休克，这表明伤相当严重。有时只能对病因童进到行抽血来补充其体内血液。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.病因童的生理反应变化偶尔也才会只能特别照护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非伤疤性疾病因的救治高血压的病因症与肠穿孔粘滞或肠坏死有关，那么高血压整个舰载机可能才会受其严重影响。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些严重影响才会分别致使各个肝脏的系统性发炎反应会。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效放射治疗，高血压可能显现出来多肝脏功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，重症MLT-病因房的高血压极少是外科动手术高血压。 五、术后维持

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

王心理医生，我这里很嫌弃。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你由此可知一些止嫌弃药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?从前好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.抱歉，以致于你从前不可以喝水。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水找来你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?总有一天。我什么时候可以喝水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.只能等你的肠鸣音和咽反射维持在此之后才可以喝。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃饭东西了吗？I'm afraid you can't.以致于不出。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃饭东西？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

动手术一天在此之后你可以吃饭一些流食。然后你慢慢可以吃饭软食，动手术四天在此之后就可以正常用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无无味或者不才会致使气体转化成的黏稠集之前于，例如茶、果汁、过滤乳制品、蔬菜汁和无脂冬瓜。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食包括冬瓜、鱼肉、非煎炸鸡蛋、豆腐、佐料、甜食等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我不应可能会吃饭哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.开胃的甜点、难免的色拉酱菜肴、煎炸乳制品、酱油等。Anything important?还有什么只能特别注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你只能好好一些呼吸练习。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.呼吸练习可以预防呼吸道癌症。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己好好练习吗，还是你才会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我才会找来你，给你提一些决定。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你从前可以告诉我怎样好好吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。滑鼠动手术斜向，深呼吸然后咳嗽。我才会把你的床头升高一些。I see.我知道了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你感到有什么晕眩的话问按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我才会的，总有一天你。